EVs have gained popularity after fuel prices increased drastically. With the popularity of electric vehicles, the need for efficient and effective batteries is also in high demand, and lately, brushless DC (BLDC) motors have become the most popular one, as they work efficiently, last longer, and give expected results.
But the fact is that not all BLDC motors work similarly as various factors affect their functioning; among all the factors, cooling is one of the prime features that decide the quality and efficiency of the battery.
In this blog post, I will go into the details of the 3kW BLDC motor and know the unique features they offer that stand them apart in the market.
Let’s start!
Brief Introduction to 3kW BLDC Motor
Before getting into the details of air-cooled design, let’s discuss the importance of 3 kW BLDC motors for ev.
As the name indicates, 3kW BLDC is the power level of the motor, which tells you how much power it has to convert electrical energy into mechanical energy.
3kW BLDC motors for electric vehicles are installed in small to medium-sized EVs like:
- E-bikes
- Electric Scooters
- Light Electrical Cars
As the name explains, BLDC motors are unlike typical motors that have brushes. These are brushless, which is why they last longer and are more efficient, making them an ideal fit for electric cars. It’s easy to handle the BLDC motors, making them perfect for EVs as they accelerate and slow down smoothly.
Key Features of BLDC Motors
Let’s discuss the features that make BLDC popular:
- Robust Output: As this motor has robust 3kW power, it gives torque and speed to the EVs that they require to function and also ensures fast speed and long-lasting performance.
- Effective Air Cooling: This motor has air cooling technology that helps it maintain ideal operating temperatures without the hassle of any extra cooling components.
- Compact and lightweight: The weight of the motor is around 8kg, and its diameter is 18cm and 12.5 cm in height. Its compact design easily fits all kinds of vehicles.
Reasons 3kW Motor Stands Out
Here are some of the critical features that 3kW motors offer, making them popular and stand out from other motors in the market:
- Cooling Requirements are Simple: This motor is everyone’s king because it does not require any cooling liquid to stay cool, as it has a built air-cooled design. This inbuilt cooling system makes it budget-friendly as no maintenance is required, and also initial cost of cooling liquid etc, is also reduced.
- Better in Reliability: The reliability of this motor is enhanced at a much higher rate. This means that the motor works well, and there are only a few parts that can malfunction or eventually fail to work. The parts that can malfunction at maximum are the pump and the radiators. Due to enhanced reality factors, this motor is everyone’s favorite and is used massively in multiple electric vehicles frequently..
- Budget Friendly: The motor also gained fame due to its cost-effective feature, as there is no need for expensive cooling agents, no initiative cost or maintenance phases. Due to these factors, the customers enjoy and don’t need to worry about keeping a budget to maintain their motor. This way, it’s both a cost-effective and worry-free battery that you can install and go for a long tour and enjoy.
- Construction is Light in Weight: The overall weight of the motor is less because it’s a compact machine; other than that, it has no coolant. The coolant has an extra weight that affects the efficiency of motors. In the case of 3kW BLDC for electric vehicles, it has no brushes and no coolant, making it very lightweight. Thus, it provides greater energy to the engine, making the EVs move faster and work more economically.
Why Electric Vehicles Use 3kW BLDC Motor?
The BLDC motor for EVs contains a stator consisting of wired patterns, while the rotor is composed of permanent magnets.
The rotation of the rotor between windings happens through electronic devices instead of brush contacts.
The use of electronics instead of brushes enables BLDC motors to have reduced size, longer lifespan, and better maintenance capabilities.
Bladeless motors provide 85–90% improved efficiency, which enhances both their high-speed reaction time and their control capabilities for speed and reverse motion, reduces breakdown risks against brushed motors and enables autonomous start-up.
The construction of BLDC motors enables vehicles to maintain interior system temperatures, which enhances heat resistance.
Brush sparks are prevented when the motor exists without brushes.
Real-Life Examples of BLDC
The BLDC is used vastly in many types of EVs:
- E-bikes and Scooters: Its high power and light weight make it ideal for two-wheeled vehicles or bikes.
- E-Cars: For small and medium-sized cars, the BLDC motors are ideal as they are compact and lightweight, so they fit perfectly and offer a longer drive range on a single charge.
- Golf Carts and Other Utility Vehicles: EVs can be used in various terrains and conditions, so their durability and easy maintenance make it an ideal motor for such carts, etc.
- Marine Vehicles and Yachts: The motor is robust and does not affect environmental conditions, making it ideal for marine and water vehicles. The power helps give a propeller energy and push to keep the vehicle going long distances.
BLDC Motor vs IM and PMSM – A Comparison
The common thing about all three motors is they are all used in electric vehicles. But all three differ in structure, efficiency and cost.
Structure:
- BLDC Structure: This motor has a simple design with a permanent magnet rotor and a stator with windings.
- Induction Motor Structure: IM uses a rotor without permanent magnets; this motor relies on electromagnetic induction. This combination makes the design of this motor complex.
- PMSM Structure: This motor has higher torque density because its rotor and stator both have permanent magnets.
Efficiency:
- BLDC Structure: It has better efficiency because, due to permanent magnets, energy losses are less.
- Induction Motor Structure: This motor is not efficient because its energy losses are high because of the induction processor in the rotor.
- PMSM Structure: It has permanent magnets on both the rotor and stator, due to which it has the least energy losses. It is better than the BLDC motor, but it’s expensive.
Conclusion
3kW air-cooled BLDC shows how advanced the technology has become and how much EVs have improved with time. The BLDC offers the correct amount of power that is enough to run EVs at a fast speed and stay useful. The design of this motor solves many of the problems that EV manufacturers and buyers have to face, like it is not difficult to cool it down, the cost required to maintain it, and the weight of the car.
EVs are becoming popular worldwide, and motors like BLDC are also becoming famous as they fit perfectly in these vehicles and give the best results and orientation.
